Rights, preferences and restrictions attached to equity shares

The Company has only one class of equity shares having a par value of '10 per share. Each holder of equity shares is entitled to one vote per share. The Company declares and pays dividend in Indian rupees. The dividend proposed by the Board of Directors, if any, is subject to the approval of the shareholders in the ensuing general meeting.

vi. During the financial year 2022-23 the Company has completed its buy-back of 20,58,824 (representing 12.24% of the total number of Equity Shares in the total paid-up equity capital of the Company) Equity Shares at price of 170/- per Equity Share for an aggregate consideration of 35.00 Crores (Excluding Buyback expenses and buyback distribution tax). . The offer size of the Buyback represents 15.3% and 21.12% of the aggregate of the Company’s paid-up capital and free reserves as per the latest available standalone and consolidated audited financials of the Company for the year ended as on March 31, 2022. The buyback process was completed on 24th March 2023 and the shares were extinguished on 11th April 2023.no bonus shares have been issued.

Nature and purpose of reserves Capital redemption reserve

Capital redemption reserve to the extent of '386.39 was created on buy back of equity shares. The Company uses Capital redemption reserve for transactions in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act, 2013.

Securities premium reserve

Securities premium reserve is used to record the premium received on issue of equity shares. The reserve is utilised in accordance with provisions of the Companies Act, 2013.

General reserve

“The Company generally appropriates a portion of its earnings to the general reserve to be used for contingencies. These reserves are freely available for use by the Company.”

Fair value changes on equity instruments through OCI

The Company has elected to recognise changes in the fair value of certain investment in equity shares and units in OCI. This amount will be reclassified to retained earnings on derecognition of equity shares and units.

Remeasurement of defined benefit obligations

The reserve represents the remeasurement gains/(losses) arising from the actuarial valuation of the defined benefit obligations of the Company. The remeasurement gains/(losses) are recognized in other comprehensive income and accumulated under this reserve within equity. The amounts recognized under this reserve are not reclassified to statement of profit or loss.

(a) Gratuity

The Company provides its employees with benefits under a defined benefit plan, referred to as the “Gratuity Plan”. The Gratuity Plan entitles an employee, who has rendered at least five years of continuous service, to receive 15 days salary for each year of completed service (service of six months and above is rounded off as one year) at the time of retirement/ exit, restricted to a sum of ' 20 laks in accordance with Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972.

(a) There are no micro and small enterprises, as defined under the provisions of the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Act, 2006 to whom the Company owes dues as at the reporting date (31 March 2023: Nil,

1 April 2022: Nil). The micro and small enterprises have been identified by management on the basis of information available with the Company and have been relied upon by the auditors.

Reason for change more than 25%:

This ratio has decreased from 11.39 in March 2022 to 5.33 in March 2023 mainly due to increase in creditors on account of planned capex.

b) Debt Equity ratio = Total debt divided by Total equity where total debt refers to sum of current & non current borrowings

Reason for change more than 25%:

This ratio has decreased due to redempetion of mutual funds and utilisation of proceeds for loan to subsidiary company, resulted in decrease in other income.

This ratio has increased from 0.74 in March’2022 to 1.05 in March 2023 mainly due to increase in volume of sales during the year.

Reason for change more than 25%

This ratio has decreased 0.18 in March 2022 to 0.19 in March 2023 mainly due to decrease in profit during the year.

This ratio has Increased from 0.03 in March 2022 to 0.04 in March 2023 mainly due to Increase EBIT during the year.

25. Fair value measurements

(i) Fair value hierarchy

Financial assets and financial liabilities measured at fair value in the statement of financial position are grouped into three levels of a fair value hierarchy. The three levels are defined based on the observability of significant inputs to the measurement, as follows:

Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for financial instruments.

Level 2: The fair value of financial instruments that are not traded in an active market is determined using valuation techniques which maximise the use of observable market data rely as little as possible on entity specific estimates.

Level 3: If one or more of the significant inputs is not based on observable market data, the instrument is included in level 3.

The Company does not have any financial instrument measured at fair value on recurring basis under Level 2 catergory. There are no transfers between levels during the year. The Company’s policy is to recognise transfers into and transfers out of fair value hierarchy levels as at the end of the reporting period.

(iii) Valuation technique used to determine fair value

Investment in equity units of venture capital fund are valued based on valuation principles, techniques and methodology adopted by such venture capital fund. Investment in equity share of subsidiary are valued based on valuation techniques, including discounted cash flow method, adopted by the Company.

(iv) Financial instruments by category

for instruments carried at amortised cost, carrying value represents the best estimate of fair value.

26. Financial instruments risk management

“The Company’s principal financial liabilities comprises of trade and other payables. The Company’s principal financial assets include trade and other receivables, cash and cash equivalents and other bank balances that derive directly from its operations. The Company also holds FVTOCI and FVTPL investments.

The Company is exposed to credit risk, market risk and liquidity risk. The Company’s Board of Directors oversees the management of these risks. The Company’s Board of Directors are supported by the senior management that advises on financial risks and the appropriate financial risk governance framework for the Company. The senior management provides assurance to the Company’s Board of Directors that the Company’s financial risk activities are governed by appropriate policies and procedures and that financial risks are identified, measured and managed in accordance with the Company’s policies and risk objectives.

A. Credit risk

Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Company if a customer or counterparty to a financial instrument fails to meet its contractual obligations, and arises principally from the Company’s receivables from customers. Credit risk is managed through credit approvals, establishing credit limits and continuously monitoring the creditworthiness of customers to which the Company grants credit terms in the normal course of business. The Company establishes an allowance for credit losses and impairment that represents its estimate of expected losses in respect of trade and other receivables.

Trade and other receivables

The Company’s exposure to credit risk is influenced mainly by the individual characteristics of each customer. The demographics of the customer, including the default risk of the industry and country in which the customer operates, also has an influence on credit risk assessment. Credit risk is managed through credit approvals, establishing credit limits and continuously monitoring the creditworthiness of customers to which the Company grants credit terms in the normal course of business.

Financial assets that are neither past due nor impaired

None of the Company’s cash equivalents, including fixed deposits, were either past due or impaired as at 31 March 2023.

Other than trade receivables, the Company has no significant class of financial assets that is past due but not impaired.

On account of adoption of Ind AS 109, the Company uses Expected Credit Loss (ECL) model for assessing the impairment loss. For this purpose, the Company uses a provision matrix to compute the expected credit loss amount for trade receivables. The provision matrix takes into account external and internal credit risk factors and historical data of credit losses from various customers. The management believes that there is no change in allowance for credit losses during the year ended 31 March 2023 and 31 March 2022.

B. Liquidity risk

Prudent liquidity risk management implies maintaining sufficient cash and marketable securities and the availability of funding through an adequate amount of committed credit facilities to meet obligations Management monitors rolling forecasts of the Company’s liquidity position and cash and cash equivalents on the basis of expected cash flows. The Company takes into account the liquidity of the market in which the entity operates. In addition, the Company’s liquidity management policy involves projecting cash flows and considering the level of liquid assets necessary to meet obligations, monitoring balance sheet liquidity ratios against internal and external regulatory requirements and maintaining debt financing plans.

The Company’s principal sources of liquidity are the cash flows generated from operations. Further the Company has no long term borrowings and working capital facilities which the management believes are not required considering its present scale of operations.

Maturities of financial liabilities

The tables below analyses the Company’s financial liabilities following into different maturity groupings based on their contractual maturities for all non-derivative financial liabilities. The amounts disclosed in the table are the contractual undiscounted cash flows. Balances due within 12 months equal their carrying balances as the impact of discounting is insignificant.

C. Market risk

Market risk is the risk of loss of future earnings, fair values or future cash flows that may result from adverse changes in market rates and prices (such as foreign currency exchange rates) or in the price of market risk-sensitive instruments as a result of such adverse changes in market rates and prices. Market risk is attributable to all market risk-sensitive financial instruments, all foreign currency receivables and payables and all shortterm and long-term debt. The Company is exposed to market risk primarily related to foreign exchange rate risk. Thus, the Company’s exposure to market risk is a function of revenue generating and operating activities in foreign currencies.

Foreign exchange risk

“The Company’s foreign exchange risk arises from its foreign currency revenues (primarily in US$). Foreign exchange risk arises from future commercial transactions and recognised assets and liabilities denominated in a currency that is not the company’s functional currency. A significant portion of the Company’s revenues are in US$. As a result, if the value of the Indian rupee appreciates relative to US$, the Company’s revenues measured in Indian rupees may decrease. The following table details non derivative financial instruments which are denominated in US$:”

27. Capital risk management

The Company’s objective when managing capital is to safeguard the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern in order to provide returns for shareholders and benefits for stakeholders and to maintain an optimal capital structure to reduce the cost of capital. Hence, the Company may adjust any dividend payments, return capital to shareholders or issue new shares. Total capital is the equity as shown in the statement of financial position. Currently the Company does not have any long term borrowings and working capital facilities.

31. Deferred tax assets have been recognised only to the extent of deferred tax liabilities i.e deferred tax assets have been recognized only to the extent that it is probable that the underlying tax loss or deductible temporary difference will be utilized against future taxable income of the Company.

32. Where ever required figures have been regrouped.