b. Terms/rights attached to Equity Shares

The company has only one class of equity shares having a par value of '10 per share. Each holder of equity shares is entitled to one vote per share. In the event of liquidation of the company, the holders of equity shares will be entitled to receive remaining assets of the company, after distribution of all preferential amounts. The distribution will be in proportion to the number of equity shares held by the shareholders.

As per records of the Company, including its register of shareholders/members and other declarations received from shareholders regarding beneficial interest , the above shareholding represents legal ownerships of shares.

Nature and Purpose of Reserves:Securities Premium:

Securities Premium represents the surplus of proceeds received over the face value of shares, at the time of issue of shares.

Retained Earnings:

Retained earnings are the profit/ (loss) that the Company has earned/ incurred till date less any transfer to general reserve, dividends or other distribution paid to Shareholders. Retained earnings include remeasurement loss/ (gain) on defined benefit plans (net of taxes) that will not be reclassified to Statement of Profit and Loss.

b. Vehicle Loan obligations are secured by hypothecation of vehicles taken on hire purchase.

c. Term loan from bank is secured against mortgage of Plant & machine.

d. Term loans were applied for the purpose for which the loans were obtained.

e. The Company has not been declared as a willful defaulter by any bank or financial institution or other lender in accordance with the guidelines on willful defaulters issued by the Reserve Bank of India.

f. The Company do not have any charges or satisfaction which is yet to be registered with Registrar of companies beyond the statutory period.

(i) Cash credit from banks:

a. Indian rupee Working Capital loan from a nationalised bank carries interest @ 9.90 % p.a. The loan is secured by hypothecation of Stock, Book Debts, Plant & Machineries, security of personal assets of Managing Director, a group company guarantee & guranteed by Managing Director of the Company.

b. Indian rupee Working Capital loan from Co operative bank carries interest @ 11 % p.a. The loan is secured by hypothecation of Twister machines.

(ii) Quarterly statements filed with banker for the borrowed funds from banks on the basis of securities of current assets are majorly in agreement with books of account.

24.2 Segment :

Segment reporting as defined in Indian Accounting Standard 108 is not applicable since the entire operation of the Company relates to only one segment i.e. Industrial fabrics. Similarly, revenue of international segment does not exceed 10 % of the total revenue and hence there is also no reportable geographical segment.

24.5 Perfomance obligation

Information about the Company's performance obligations are summarised below:

Industrial Fabrics

The performance obligation is satisfied upon delivery of the goods and payment is generally due within 0 to 180 days from delivery, usually backed up by financials arrangements.

b. Commitments

Commitments on account of estimated amount of contracts remaining to be executed on capital account and not provided for relating to Tangible Assets is ' Nil (March 31, 2024 : ' 274.40)

32 Fair Value Measurement

Financial Instrument by category and hierarchy

The fair value of the financial assets and liabilities are included at the amount of which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties, other than in a forced or liquidation sale.

The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair values:

1. Fair Value of Cash and short term deposits, trade and other short term receivables, trade payables, other current liabilities, short term loans from banks and other financial institutions approximate their carrying amount largely due to short term maturities of these instruments.

2. Financial instruments with fixed and variable interest rate are evaluated by the company based on parameters such as interest rates and individual credit worthiness of the counter party. Based on this

evaluation, allowances are taken to account for expected losses of these receivables. Accordingly, fair values of such instruments is not materially different from their carrying amounts:-

For the financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair values, the carrying amount are equal to the fair value.

• Valuation Methodology

Investments in equity shares included in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy have been valued using the cost approach to arrive at their fair value. Cost of unquoted equity instruments has been considered as an appropriate estimate of fair value because of a wide range of possible fair value measurements and cost represents the best estimate of fair value within that range.

• Fair value Hierarchy

The Company uses the following hierarchy for determining and disclosing the fair value of financial instruments by valuation technique:

• Level 1 : Quoted (unadjusted) prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

• Level 2 : Other techniques for which all inputs which have a significant effect on the recoded fair value are observable, either directly or indirectly.

• Level 3 : Techniques which use inputs that have a significant effect on the recoded fair value that are not based on observable market data.

33 Capital risk Management

Equity Share capital and other equity are considered for the purpose of company's capital management.

The Company manages its capital so as to safeguard its ability to continue as a going concern and to optimise returns to shareholders. The Capital structure of the company is based on management's judgment of its strategic and day-to-day needs with a focus on total equity to maintain investor, creditors and market confidence and to sustain future development and growth of its business.

The management and the Board of Directors monitors the return on capital as well as the level of dividends to shareholders. The company may take appropriate steps in order to maintain, or if necessary adjust, its capital structure.

34 Financial risk management

The Company's business activities are exposed to a variety of financial risks, namely liquidity risk, market risks and credit risks. The company's senior management has the overall responsibility for establishing and governing the company's risk management framework. The company has constituted a Risk management committee, which is responsible for developing and monitoring the company's risk management policies. The company's risk management policies are established to identify and analyse the risks faced by the company, to set and monitor appropriate risk limits and controls, periodically review the changes in market conditions and reflect the changes in the policy accordingly. The key risks and mitigating actions are also placed before the Audit Committee of the company.

A. Management of Liquidity Risk

Liquidity risk is the risk that the company will face in meeting its obligation associated with its financial liabilities. The Company's approach in managing liquidity is to ensure that it will have sufficient funds to meet its liabilities when due without incurring unacceptable losses. In doing this management considers both normal and stressed conditions.

Due to dynamic nature of the underlying businesses, company treasury maintains flexibility in funding by maintaining availability of under committed credit lines. Management monitors rolling forecasts of the company's liquidity position (comprising the undrawn borrowing facilities) and cash and cash equivalents on the basis of expected cash flows.

The following table shows the maturity analysis of the company's financial liabilities based on the contractually agreed undiscounted cash flows along with its carrying value as at the Balance sheet date.

B. Management of Market Risk

The company's size and operations result in it being exposed to the following market risks that arise from its use of financial instruments:

• Foreign Currency risk

• Price risk

• Interest rate risk

The above risks may affect the company's income and expenses, or the value of its financial instruments. The company's exposure to and management of these risks are explained below:

The company manages foreign currency exposures within the prescribed limits, through use of forward exchange contracts. Foreign currency exchange rate exposure is partly balanced by purchasing of goods/commodities in the respective currencies.

(ii) Price Risk

The Company's exposure to equity securities price risk arises from investments held by the Company and classified in the balance sheet at fair value through profit and loss. To manage its price risk arising from investments in equity securities, the Company diversifies its portfolio. Diversification of the portfolio is done in accordance with the limits set by the Company.

Sensitivity Analysis

The table below summarizes the impact of increases/decreases of the BSE index on the Company's equity and Gain/Loss for the period. The analysis is based on the assumption that the index has increased by 5 % or decreased by 5 % with all other variables held constant, and that all the Company's equity instruments moved in line with the index.

The above referred sensitivity pertains to quoted equity investments. Profit for the year would increase/decrease as a result of gains/losses on equity securities as at Fair Value through Other Comprehensive Income(FVTOCI).

(iii) Interest rate risk

Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of the financial instruments will fluctuate because of changes in market interest rates. In order to optimize the Company's position with regards to interest income and interest expenses and to manage the interest rate risk, treasury performs a comprehensive corporate interest rate risk management by balancing the proportion of fixed rate and floating rate financial instruments in its total portfolio.

According to the Company interest rate risk exposure is only for floating rate borrowings. For floating rate liabilities, the analysis is prepared assuming that the amount of the liability outstanding at the end of the reporting period was outstanding for the whole year. A 50 basis point increase or decrease is used when reporting interest rate risk internally to key management personnel and represents management's assessment of the reasonably possible change in interest rates.

Credit risk arises from the possibility that the counter party may not be able to settle their obligations as agreed. To manage this, the Company periodically assesses financial reliability of customers, taking into account the financial condition, current economic trends, and analysis of historical bad debts and ageing of accounts receivable. Individual risk limits are set accordingly.

The company considers the probability of default upon initial recognition of asset and whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk on an ongoing basis through out each reporting period. To assess whether there is a significant increase in credit risk, the company compares the risk of default occurring on asset as at the reporting date with the risk of default as at the date of initial recognition. It considers reasonable and supportive forwarding-looking information such as:

i) Actual or expected significant adverse changes in business,

ii) Actual or expected significant changes in the operating results of the counterparty,

iii) Financial or economic conditions that are expected to cause a significant change to the counterparty's ability to meet its obligations,

iv) Significant increase in credit risk on other financial instruments of the same counterparty,

v) Significant changes in the value of the collateral supporting the obligation or in the quality of the third-party guarantees or credit enhancements.

The Company measures the expected credit loss of trade receivables and loan from individual customers based on historical trend, industry practices and the business environment in which the entity operates. Loss rates are based on actual credit loss experience and past trends. Based on the historical data, loss on collection of receivable is not material hence no additional provision considered.

The Company's exposure to customers is diversified except three customers as at March 31, 2025 comprising 58.41 % of Revenue and one customer as at March 31, 2024 comprising 23.27 % of Revenue, no single customer contributes to more than 10% of Revenue as at March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024.

35 Earnings per Share (EPS) as per Indian Accounting Standard 33:

Basic EPS amounts are calculated by dividing the profit for the year attributable to equity holders by the weighted average number of Equity shares outstanding during the year. Diluted EPS amounts are calculated by dividing the profit attributable to equity holders (after adjusting for interest on the convertible preference shares) by the weighted average number of Equity shares outstanding during the year plus the weighted average number of Equity shares that would be issued on conversion of all the dilutive potential Equity shares into Equity shares.

Note: 1. No amount has been provided as doubtful debts or advances / written off or written back in respect of debts due from / to above parties. Figures in brackets relate to previous year.

2. The transaction with related parties are made on terms equivalent to those that prevail in arm's length transactions.

Note: * Key Managerial Personnel and Relatives of Promoters who are under the employment of the Company are entitled to post employment benefits and other long term employee benefits recognised as per Ind AS 19 - 'Employee Benefits' in the financial statements. Post-employment gratuity benefits of Key Managerial Personnel has not been included in (b) above.

37 Segment Information as per Indian Accounting Standard 108:

Segment reporting as defined in Indian Accounting Standard 108 is not applicable since the entire operation of the Company relates to only one segment i.e. Industrial fabrics. Similarly, revenue of international segment does not exceed 10 % of the total revenue and hence there is also no reportable geographical segment.

E. Assumptions

With the objective of presenting the plan assets and plan liabilities of the defined benefits plans and post retirement medical benefits at their fair value on the balance sheet, assumptions under Ind AS 19 are set by reference to market conditions at the valuation date

The sensitivity analyses above have been determined based on reasonably possible changes of the respective assumptions occurring at the end of the reporting period and may not be representative of the actual change. It is based on a change in the key assumption while holding all other assumptions constant. When calculating the sensitivity to the assumption, the method (Projected Unit Credit Method) used to calculate the liability recognised in the balance sheet has been applied. The methods and types of assumptions used in preparing the sensitivity analysis did not change compared with the previous period.

Risk Exposure - Asset Volatility

The plan liabilities are calculated using a discount rate set with reference to bond yields; if plan assets underperform this yield, this will create a deficit. Most of the plan asset investments is in fixed income securities with high grades and in government securities. These are subject to interest rate risk and the fund manages interest rate risk derivatives to minimize risk to an acceptable level. A portion of the funds are invested in equity securities and in alternative investments % which have low correlation with equity securities. The equity securities are expected to earn a return in excess of the discount rate and contribute to the plan deficit.

Leave obligations

The leave obligations cover the Company's liability for sick and earned leave. The amount of the provision of ' 33.83 lakhs [March 31, 2024: ' 19.56 lakhs] is presented as current, since the Company does not have an unconditional right to defer settlement for any of these obligations.

Defined contribution plans

The Company also has certain defined contribution plans. Contributions are made to provident fund in India for employees at the rate of 12% of basic salary as per regulations. The contributions are made to registered provident fund administered by the government. The obligation of the Company is limited to the amount contributed and it has no further contractual nor any constructive obligation. The expense recognised during the period towards defined contribution plan is ' 45.82 lakhs [March 31, 2024: ' 30.58 lakhs].

39 The Code on Social Security, 2020 ('Code') has been notified in the Official Gazatte of India on September 29, 2020, which could impact the contributions of the Company towards certain employement benefits. The effective date from which changes are applicable is yet to be notified and the rules are yet to be framed. Impact, if any, of the change will be assessed and accounted in the period of notification of the relevant provisions.

41 Other Statutory Information

(I) The Company do not have any Benami property, where any proceeding has been initiated or pending against the Company for holding any Benami property.

(II) The Company do not have any transactions with companies struck off.

(III) The Company have not traded or invested in Crypto currency or Virtual Currency during the financial year.

(IV) The Company have not advanced or loaned or invested funds to any other person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (Intermediaries) with the understanding that the Intermediary shall:

(a) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Company (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or

(b) provide any guarantee, security or the like to or on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.

(V) The Company have not received any fund from any person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (Funding Party) with the understanding (whether recorded in writing or otherwise) that the Company shall:

(a) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Funding Party (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or

(b) provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries

(VI) The Company have no such transaction which is not recorded in the books of accounts that has been surrendered or disclosed as income during the year in the tax assessments under the Income Tax Act, 1961

(VII) The Company has complied with the number of layers prescribed under clause (87) of section 2 of the Act read with the Companies (Restriction on number of Layers) Rules, 2017.

(VIII) The Company has been maintaining its books of accounts in the accounting software which has feature of recording audit trail of each and every transaction, creating an edit log of each change made in books of account along with the date when such changes were made and ensuring that the audit trail cannot be disabled, throughout the year as required by proviso to sub rule (1) of rule 3 of The Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014 known as the Companies (Accounts) Amendment Rules, 2021. The Company has preserved Audit trail as per statutory requirements for record retention.