11) Provisions and contingent liabilities
(i) Provision:
A provision is recorded when the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events, it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation and the amount can be reasonably estimated.
The amount recognised as provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the end of reporting period, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. When a provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is present value of those cash flows(when the effect of time value of money is material)
When some or all of the economic benefits required to settle a provision are expected to be recovered from a third party, a receivable is recognised as an asset if it is virtually certain that reimbursement will be received and the amount of the receivable can be measured reliably.
Provision for expected cost of warranty obligations under the local sale of goods legislation are recognised at the date of sale of relevant products, at management’s best estimate of expenditure required to settle the Company’s obligation.
(ii) Contingent liabilities:
Wherever there is a possible obligation that arises from past events and whose existence will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the entity or a present obligation that arises from past events but is not recognised because
(a) it is not probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation; or
(b) the amount of the obligation cannot be measured with sufficient reliability.
(iii) Warranties
The estimated liability for product warranties is recorded when products are sold. These estimates are established using historical information on the nature, frequency and average cost of warranty claims and management estimates regarding possible future incidence on corrective actions on product failures. The timing of outflows will vary as and when warranty claim will arise, being typically upto three years. Expected recoveries towards warranty cost from the vendors are estimated and accounted for by the management in the year in which the related provision for warranty is created and it is certain that such recoveries will be received if the Company incurs the warranty cost. The estimates used for accounting for warranty liability/recoveries are reviewed periodically and revisions are made, as required.
(iv) E-Waste
Environment Liabilities E-Waste
(Management) Rules, 2016, as
amended, requires the Company to complete the Extended Producer Responsibility targets measured
based on sales made in the preceding years, if it is a participant in the market during a financial year. Accordingly, the obligation event for e-waste obligation arises only if the Company participate in the markets in those years.
12) Operating Segment
Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision-maker (CODM). The CODM, who is responsible for allocating resources and assessing performance of the operating segments, has been identified as the Corporate Management Committee.
Segments are organised based on business which have similar economic characteristics as well as exhibit similarities in nature of products and services offered, the nature of production processes, the type and class of customer and distribution methods.
Unallocated Corporate Expenses” include revenue and expenses that relate to initiatives/ costs attributable to the enterprise as a whole and are not attributable to segments.
13) Leases
The leases are recognised as a right-of-use asset with a corresponding lease liability at the date on which the leased asset is available for use by the Company as a lessee except for payments associated with short term leases (lease term of 12 months or less) and low value leases, which are recognised as an expense as and when incurred.
The Company assesses whether a contract contains a lease at the inception of a contract. Certain lease contracts include the options to extend or terminate the lease before the end of the lease term. Right-of-Use assets and lease liabilities include these options when it is reasonably certain that they will be exercised.
The Right-of-Use assets are initially recognised at cost comprising initial lease liability adjusted for lease payments made on or before the commencement date less any lease incentives received and any initial direct cost. They are subsequently measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any.
The lease liability is initially measured at amortised cost at the present value of the future lease payments. The lease payments are discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if not readily determinable, using the incremental borrowing rates.
Lease liabilities are re-measured with a corresponding adjustment to the related Right-of-Use assets if the Company changes its assessment as to whether it will exercise an extension or a termination option.
Right-of-Use assets are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the lease term and the useful life of the asset Right-of use assets and lease liability have been separately presented in the balance sheet and lease payments have been classified as financing cash flow in the cash flow statement.
14) Financial instruments
Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised when a company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments.
Financial assets and financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities (other than financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss) are added to or deducted from the fair value of the financial assets or financial liabilities, as appropriate, on initial recognition. Transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets or financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are recognised immediately in profit or loss.
14.1 Financial assets
Initial recognition and measurement:
All regular way purchases or sales of financial assets are recognised and derecognised on a trade date basis.
Subsequent measurement:
All recognised financial assets are subsequently measured in their entirety at either amortised cost or fair value, depending on the classification of the financial assets
a. Classification of financial assets
Debt instruments that meet the following conditions are subsequently measured at amortised cost (except for debt instruments that are designated as at fair value through profit or loss on initial recognition):
• the asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets in order to collect contractual cash flows; and
• the contractual terms of the instrument give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.”
Investment in subsidiaries / associates are accounted at cost.
All other financial assets are subsequently measured at fair value.
For the impairment policy on financial assets measured at amortised cost, refer Note 1(b) (14)(d)
b. Investment in equity instruments at FVTOCI
A financial asset is subsequently measured at fair value through other comprehensive income if it is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding. The Company has made an irrevocable election for its investments which are classified as equity instruments to present the subsequent changes in fair value in other comprehensive income based on its business model.
The Company has equity investments in entities which are neither held for trading nor a subsidiary or associate to the Company. The Company has elected FVTOCI irrevocable option for these investments. Fair value is determined in the manner described in note 1(b)(2).
A financial asset is held for trading if :
> it has been acquired principally for the purpose of selling it in near term; or
> on initial recognition it is part of portfolio of identified financial instrument that the Company manages together and has recent actual pattern of short term profit making or
> it is a derivative that is not designated and effective as a hedging instrument or a financial guarantee.
Dividends on these investment in equity instrument, if any will be recognised in profit or loss when the Company’s right to receive the dividend is established, it is probable that economic benefit associated with the dividend will flow to the entity, the dividend does not represent a recover of part of cost of investment and the amount of dividend can be measured reliably.
c. Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)
Financial assets that do not meet the amortised cost criteria or Fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI) criteria are measured at FVTPL Financial assets at FVTPL are measured at fair value at the end of each reporting period, with any gains or losses arising on remeasurement recognised in profit or loss. The net gain or loss recognised in profit or loss incorporates any dividend or interest earned on the financial asset and is included in the “Other income” line item.
d. Impairment of financial assets
The Company applies the expected credit loss model for recognising impairment loss on financial assets measured at amortised cost, lease receivables, trade receivables, other contractual rights to receive cash or other financial asset, and financial guarantees not designated as at FVTPL.
Expected credit losses are the weighted average of credit losses with the respective risks of default occurring as the weights. Credit loss is the difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to the Company in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the Company expects to receive (i.e. all cash shortfalls), discounted at the original effective interest rate (or credit-adjusted effective interest rate for purchased or originated credit-impaired financial assets). The Company estimates cash flows by considering all contractual terms of the financial instrument through the expected life of that financial instrument.
For trade receivables or any contractual right to receive cash or another financial asset that result from transactions that are within the scope of Ind AS 18, the Company always measures the loss allowance at an amount equal to lifetime expected credit losses. Further, for the purpose of measuring lifetime expected credit loss allowance for trade receivables, the Company has used a practical expedient as permitted under Ind AS 109. This expected credit loss allowance is computed based on a provision matrix which takes into account historical credit loss experience and adjusted for forward-looking information or case to case basis.
e. Derecognition of financial assets
The Company derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire, or when it transfers the financial asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the asset to another party. If the Company neither transfers nor retains substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership and continues to control the transferred asset, the Company recognises its retained interest in the asset and an associated liability for amounts it may have to pay. If the Company retains substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of a transferred financial asset, the Company continues to recognise the financial asset and also recognises a collateralised borrowing for the proceeds received.
On derecognition of a financial asset in its entirety, the difference between the asset’s carrying amount and the sum of the consideration received and receivable and the cumulative gain or loss that had been recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity is recognised in profit or loss if such gain or loss would have otherwise been recognised in profit or loss on disposal of that financial asset.
f. Foreign exchange gains and losses
The fair value of financial assets denominated in a foreign currency is determined in that foreign currency and translated at the spot rate at the end of each reporting period.
For foreign currency denominated financial assets measured at amortised cost and FVTPL, the exchange differences are recognised in profit or loss.
14.2 Financial liabilities and equity instruments
a. Classification as debt or equity
Debt and equity instruments issued by the Company are classified as either financial liabilities or as equity in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangements and the definitions of a financial liability and an equity instrument.
b. Equity instruments
An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of an entity after deducting all of its liabilities. Equity instruments issued by a company entity are recognised at the proceeds received, net of direct issue costs. Repurchase of the Company’s own equity instruments is recognised and deducted directly in equity. No gain or loss is recognised in profit or loss on the purchase, sale, issue or cancellation of the Company’s own equity instruments.
c. Financial liabilities
All financial liabilities are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method or at FVTPL.
c.1. Financial liabilities at FVTPL
Financial liabilities are recognised at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL) if it includes derivative liabilities.
Financial liabilities at FVTPL are stated at fair value, with any gains or losses arising on remeasurement recognised in profit or loss. The net gain or loss recognised in profit or loss incorporates any interest paid on the financial liability and is included in the ‘Other income’ line item.
Fair value is determined in the manner described in note 1(b)(2)
c.2. Financial liabilities measured at amortised cost
Financial liabilities that are not held-for- trading and are not designated as at FVTPL
are measured at amortised cost at the end of subsequent accounting periods. The carrying amounts of financial liabilities that are subsequently measured at amortised cost are determined based on the effective interest method.
The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a financial liability and of allocating interest expense over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash payments (including all fees and points paid or received that form an integral part of the effective interest rate, transaction costs and other premiums or discounts) through the expected life of the financial liability, or (where appropriate) a shorter period, to the net carrying amount on initial recognition.
Trade and other payables are recognised at the transaction cost, which is its fair value, and subsequently measured at amortised cost.
c.3. Foreign exchange gains and losses
For financial liabilities that are denominated in a foreign currency and are measured at amortised cost at the end of each reporting period, the foreign exchange gains and losses are determined based on the amortised cost of the instruments and are recognised in ‘Other income’.
The fair value of financial liabilities denominated in a foreign currency is determined in that foreign currency and translated at the spot rate at the end of the reporting period. For financial liabilities that are measured as at FVTPL, the foreign exchange component forms part of the fair value gains or losses and is recognised in profit or loss.
c.4. Derecognition of financial liabilities
The Company derecognises financial liabilities when, and only when, the Company’s obligations are discharged, cancelled or have expired. An exchange between with a lender of debt instruments with substantially different terms is accounted for as an extinguishment of the original financial liability and the recognition of a new financial liability. Similarly, a substantial modification of the terms of an existing financial liability (whether or not attributable to the financial
difficulty of the debtor) is accounted for as an extinguishment of the original financial liability and the recognition of a new financial liability. The difference between the carrying amount of the financial liability derecognised and the consideration paid and payable is recognised in profit or loss.
14.3 Derivative financial instruments
The Company enters into forward contracts to manage its exposure to foreign exchange rate risks.
Derivatives are initially recognised at fair value at the date the derivative contracts are entered into and are subsequently remeasured to their fair value at the end of each reporting period. The resulting gain or loss is recognised in profit or loss immediately.
15. Foreign Currency Transactions
The functional and presentation currency of the Company is Indian Rupee.
In preparing the financial statements of the Company, transactions in currencies other than the entity’s functional currency (foreign currencies) are recognised at the rates of exchange prevailing at the dates of the transactions. At the end of each reporting period, monetary items denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing at that date. Non-monetary items carried at fair value that are denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing at the date when the fair value was determined. Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are not retranslated
16 Operating cycle for current and non¬ current classification
Based on the nature of products / activities of the Company and the normal time between acquisition of assets and their realisation in cash or cash equivalents, the Company has determined its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of classification of its assets and liabilities as current and non-current.
17 Insurance claims
Insurance claims are accounted for on the basis of claims admitted / expected to be admitted and to the extent that there is no uncertainty in receiving the claims.
Note:
1) Business Rights relating to Customer Support Services business (Cash Generating Unit - CGU), with carrying value of ' 1,187 lakhs has been considered as intangible having an indefinite useful life as there are no technical, technological obsolescence or limitations under the contract.
This ‘Business Rights’ has been tested for impairment using the future discounted cash flow method. The Company has assessed the business rights asset duly considering the changes arising out of post pandemic trends, evolving business models, underlying revenue streams and has determined an additional impairment charge of ' 331 lakhs during the year ended March 31,2022. This amount has been disclosed as exceptional items in the statement of profit and loss.
2) Amortisation expense of intangible asset have been included under ‘Depreciation & amortisation’ expense in statement of profit and loss account.
3) Intangible assets under development ageing schedule for the years ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024 is as follows:
The Company has transferred a group of financial assets in the form of trade receivables to a financial institution during the year and the amount outstanding in respect of the same as at March 31, 2025 is ' 427 lakhs. The Company also has a first default loss guarantee in respect of any losses that could arise on account of the above to the extent of ' 150 lakhs, which has been accounted here as a liability towards the financial guarantee contract with a corresponding receivable of ' 150 lakhs under Trade receivables.
11 CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
For the purposes of the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand and in banks, cheques and drafts on hand. Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the reporting period as shown in the statement of cash flows can be reconciled to the related items in the balance sheet as follows:
36(iii) Financial risk management objectives
The Company has adequate internal processes to assess, monitor and manage financial risks. These risks include market risk (including currency risk, interest rate risk and other price risk), credit risk and liquidity risk.
The Company seeks to minimise the effects of these risks by using financial instruments such as foreign currency forward contracts to hedge risk exposures and appropriate risk management policies as detailed below. The use of these financial instruments is governed by the Company’s policies approved by the Board of Directors, which provide written principles on foreign exchange risk. The Company does not enter into trade financial instruments, including derivative financial instruments, for speculative purposes.
36(v)(a) Foreign Currency sensitivity analysis
The following table details the Company’s sensitivity to a 10% increase and decrease in the ' against the relevant foreign currencies. 10% is the sensitivity rate used when reporting foreign currency risk internally to key management personnel and represents management’s assessment of the reasonably possible change in foreign exchange rates. The sensitivity analysis includes only outstanding foreign currency denominated monetary items and adjusts their translation at the period end for a 10% change in foreign currency rates. The sensitivity analysis includes external loans where the denomination of the loan is in a currency other than the functional currency of the lender or the borrower. A positive number below indicates an increase in profit or equity where the ' strengthens 10% against the relevant currency. For a 10% weakening of the ' against the relevant currency, there would be a comparable impact on the profit or equity.
In management’s opinion, the sensitivity analysis is unrepresentative of the inherent foreign exchange risk because the exposure at the end of the reporting period does not reflect the exposure during the year.
36(vi) Interest rate risk management
Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market interest rates. The Company’s exposure to the risk of changes in market interest rates relates primarily to the Company’s long-term debt obligations with floating interest rates.
The Company manages its interest rate risk by having a mixed portfolio of fixed and variable rate loans and borrowings. 36(vi)(a) Interest rate sensitivity analysis
The sensitivity analysis below have been determined based on the exposure to interest rates for both derivatives and non¬ derivative instruments at the end of the reporting period. For floating rate liabilities, the analysis is prepared assuming the amount of the liability outstanding at the end of the reporting period was outstanding for the whole year. A 100 basis point increase or decrease is used when reporting interest rate risk internally to key management personnel and represents management’s assessment of the reasonably possible change in interest rates.
36(viii) Credit risk management
Credit risk refers to the risk that a counterparty will default on its contractual obligations resulting in financial loss to the Company. The Company has adopted a policy of only dealing with creditworthy counterparties and obtaining sufficient collateral, where appropriate, as a means of mitigating the risk of financial loss from defaults. The Company uses other publicly available financial information and its own trading records to review its major customers. The Company’s exposure is continuously monitored and the aggregate value of transactions concluded is spread amongst approved counterparties.
36(ix) Liquidity risk management
Ultimate responsibility for liquidity risk management rests with the board of directors, which has established an appropriate liquidity risk management framework for the management of the Company’s short-, medium- and long-term funding and liquidity management requirements. The Company manages liquidity risk by maintaining adequate reserves, banking facilities and reserve borrowing facilities, by continuously monitoring forecast and actual cash flows, and by matching the maturity profiles of financial assets and liabilities.
36(x) Liquidity and interest risk tables
The amounts included in the following table for financial guarantee contracts are the maximum amount the Group could be forced to settle under the arrangement for the full guaranteed amount if that amount is claimed by the counterparty to the guarantee (see note 35). Based on expectations at the end of the reporting period, the Group considers that it is more likely than not that no amount will be payable under the arrangement. However, this estimate is subject to change depending on the probability of the counterparty claiming under the guarantee which is a function of the likelihood that the financial receivables held by the counterparty which are guaranteed suffer credit losses. The contractual maturity is based on the earliest date on which the Group may be required to pay.
38 EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
(i) . Defined contribution plans :
The Company makes provident fund contributions and National Pension fund contributions for qualifying employees. Under the scheme, the Company is required to contribute a specified percentage of the payroll costs to fund the benefits. The Contributions payable by the Company are at rates specified in the rules of the Schemes/Policy and the details of expense recognised during the year on account of such defined benefit plan is ' 399 lakhs (Previous year ' 286 lakhs)
(ii) . Defined benefit plans :
Gratuity -
The Company operates a gratuity plan covering qualifying employees. The benefit payable is the greater of the amount as per the Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972 or the Company scheme applicable to the employee. The benefit vests upon completion of five years of continuous service and once vested it is payable to the employees on retirement or termination of employment. In respect of Gratuity plan, the most recent actuarial valuation of the plan assets and the present value of the defined benefit obligation were carried out as March 31,2025. The present value of the defined benefit obligation, and the related current service cost and past service cost, were measured using the projected unit cost method. The following table sets forth the status of the Gratuity Plan of the Company and the amount recognised in the Balance Sheet and Statement of Profit and Loss. The Company provides the gratuity benefit through annual contributions to a fund managed by the Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC).
The Company is exposed to various risks in providing the above gratuity benefit which are as follows:
Interest Rate risk : The plan exposes the Company to the risk of fall in interest rates. A fall in interest rates will result in an increase in the ultimate cost of providing the above benefit and will thus result in an increase in the value of the liability (as shown in financial statements).
Investment Risk : The probability or likelihood of occurrence of losses relative to the expected return on any particular investment.
Salary Escalation Risk : The present value of the defined benefit plan is calculated with the assumption of salary increase rate of plan participants in future. Deviation in the rate of increase of salary in future for plan participants from the rate of increase in salary used to determine the present value of obligation will have a bearing on the plan’s liability. Demographic Risk : The Company has used certain mortality and attrition assumptions in valuation of the liability. The Company is exposed to the risk of actual experience turning out to be worse compared to the assumption.
The Company has invested the plan assets with the insurer managed funds. The insurance company has invested the plan assets in Government Securities, Debt Funds, Equity shares, Mutual Funds, Money Market Instruments and Time Deposits. The expected rate of return on plan asset is based on expectation of the average long term rate of return expected on investments of the fund during the estimated term of the obligation.
Significant actuarial assumptions for the determination of the defined benefit obligation are discount rate, expected salary increase and mortality. The sensitivity analysis below have been determined based on reasonably possible changes of the assumptions occurring at the end of the reporting period, while holding all other assumptions constant. The results of sensitivity analysis is given below:
40 UTILISATION OF BORROWED FUNDS:
a. The Company has not advanced or loaned or invested funds (either borrowed funds or share premium or any other sources or kinds of funds) to any other persons or entities, including foreign entities (Intermediaries) with the understanding (whether recorded in writing or otherwise) that the Intermediary shall,
(i) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Company (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or
(ii) provide any guarantee, security or the like to or on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries
b. The Company has not received any fund from any person or entities, including foreign entities (Funding Party) with the understanding (whether recorded in writing or otherwise) that the Company shall,
(i) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Funding Party (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or
(ii) provide any guarantee, security or the like to or on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries
41 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
The provisions of Corporate Social Responsibility (Section 135 of the Companies Act,2013) are applicable to the Company, and even though the Company is not required to spend in current year, it continued making contributions during 2024-25
42 UNDISCLOSED INCOME
There are no transactions that are not recorded in the books of account that has been surrendered or disclosed as income during the year.
43 DETAILS OF CRYPTO CURRENCY OR VIRTUAL CURRENCY
The Company has not traded or invested in Crypto currency or Virtual Currency during the current and the previous financial year.
44 OTHER STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS
(i) The Company do not have any Benami property, where any proceeding has been initiated or pending against the Company for holding any Benami property.
(ii) The Company does not have any transactions with companies which has been struck off by ROC under section 248 of the companies Act, 2013 other than the following:
(iii) The Company do not have any charges or satisfaction which is yet to be registered with ROC beyond the statutory period
(iv) The Company have not any such transaction which is not recorded in the books of accounts that has been surrendered or disclosed as income during the year in the tax assessments under the Income Tax Act, 1961 (such as, search or survey or any other relevant provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961
(v) There are no immovable property which are held in the name of promoter, director or relative of promoter/director or employee of promoter/director.
(vi) During the year, company has not revalued its Property, Plant and Equipment.
(vii) There are no Loans or Advances granted to promoters, directors, KMPs and related parties either severally or jointly with any other person which are either of repayable on demand or without specifying any terms or period of repayment.
(viii) There is no wilful defaulter issued by any bank or financial institution (as defined under the Act) or consortium thereof, in accordance with the guidelines on wilful defaulters issued by the Reserve Bank of India.
(ix) There are no such holdings or investments made by company which is related to the number of layers prescribed under clause (87) of section 2 of the Act read with Companies (Restriction on number of Layers) Rules, 2017.
45 APPROVAL OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The financial statements were approved for issue by the Board of Directors on May 17, 2025.
In terms of our report attached For and on behalf of the Board of Directors
For Guru & Jana
Chartered Accountants Firm Registration No. 006826S
HEENA KAUSER A P GOPAL SRINIVASAN SRILALITHA GOPAL
Partner (DIN : 00177699) (DIN : 02329790)
Membership No. 219971 Chairman Managing Director
UDIN: 25219971BMMHHN2010
Place: Chennai SANTOSH KRISHNADASS A KULANDAI VADIVELU
Date: May 17, 2025 Company Secretary Chief Financial Officer
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